Brachial Plexus Injury: An Overview
The brachial plexus is a network of nerves originating from the spinal cord that controls movement and sensation in the shoulder, arm, and hand. A brachial plexus injury occurs when these nerves are stretched, compressed, or in severe cases, torn. These injuries can range from minor and temporary to severe and life-altering.
In the UK, brachial plexus injuries affect individuals of all ages and can arise from various causes, including trauma, childbirth, or medical conditions. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment are crucial to improve outcomes and regain function.
Types of Brachial Plexus Injuries
Brachial plexus injuries are classified based on the severity of nerve damage:
- Neurapraxia: The mildest form, involving stretched but intact nerves. Recovery typically occurs within weeks or months.
- Axonotmesis: Damage to the nerve fibres, with potential for recovery over time if the outer sheath remains intact.
- Neurotmesis: Complete nerve rupture, requiring surgical intervention for any chance of recovery.
- Avulsion: The most severe type, where the nerve root is torn from the spinal cord. Surgical options are limited.
Causes of Brachial Plexus Injuries
Common causes include:
- Trauma: Road accidents, sports injuries, or falls are leading causes.
- Birth Injuries: Difficult deliveries, particularly shoulder dystocia, can result in brachial plexus injuries in newborns.
- Tumours: Growths near the brachial plexus can compress nerves.
- Radiation Therapy: Damage caused during cancer treatment.
Symptoms of Brachial Plexus Injury
Symptoms vary based on the severity and location of the injury and may include:
- Weakness or paralysis in the shoulder, arm, or hand.
- Numbness or tingling sensations.
- Severe pain, often described as burning or stabbing.
- Reduced motor control or range of motion.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis:
A detailed physical examination, patient history, and imaging tests like MRI, CT scans, or nerve conduction studies are essential for an accurate diagnosis.
Treatment Options:
- Conservative Management: Mild cases often improve with rest, pain management, and physiotherapy.
- Physiotherapy: Focuses on restoring movement, reducing pain, and preventing stiffness.
- Surgical Intervention: Necessary for severe injuries involving nerve grafts or transfers.
How PhysioElm Can Help
PhysioElm is dedicated to providing exceptional physiotherapy services for individuals recovering from brachial plexus injuries in the UK. Our tailored approach ensures that each patient receives care suited to their specific needs.
Our Services Include:
- Comprehensive Assessments: Identifying the extent of the injury and creating a personalised care plan.
- Targeted Physiotherapy: Techniques to improve strength, flexibility, and mobility.
- Pain Management: Using evidence-based approaches to alleviate discomfort.
- Post-Surgical Rehabilitation: Supporting recovery after nerve repair or reconstruction surgeries.
Benefits of Choosing PhysioElm
- Experienced therapists specialising in neurological and orthopaedic physiotherapy.
- Holistic care integrating physical, mental, and emotional support.
- Convenient appointment options, including online consultations.
- Proven methods to accelerate recovery and improve long-term outcomes.
Living with a Brachial Plexus Injury
Living with a brachial plexus injury can be challenging, but with the right support, individuals can regain function and improve their quality of life. Daily exercises, adaptive strategies, and consistent physiotherapy play crucial roles in managing symptoms and preventing complications.
Conclusion
Brachial plexus injuries require timely intervention and specialised care to maximise recovery. PhysioElm is proud to be a trusted partner in the UK, offering expert physiotherapy services tailored to your unique needs. Our commitment to compassionate care and advanced treatment methods ensures every patient receives the best possible support.
Take the first step toward recovery by booking a consultation or learn more about our comprehensive services.
- Information for patients – Brachial Plexus Injury – PDF
- Patient advice sheet – Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury – PDF
- Brachial Plexus Injury : Mechanisms, Surgical Treatment and Outcomes (Research) – PDF
- Brachial Plexus Injury in Adults (Research) – PDF
